351st Bomb Group

Polebrook, England

Group Mission #65

Credited Mission #60

 
DATE: 30 Dec 1943
Target: IG Farbenindustrie Chemical and
Explosive Factory, Ludwigshafen, Germany
 
Outline for Briefing:

  1. Roll Call and Aircraft Assignment.
  2. Target, Loading and Gasoline Load:
    700 gallons in Tokyos - 1 Bomb Bay [Gas tank in B-17F's] & Maximum M-47 Incendiaries
    Primary - Chemical & Explosive Factory at Ludwigshaven [Germany]
    Secondary - [Railroad] Marshalling yards at Saarbrucken [Germany]
    Last Resort - Airfield at Reims [France] - Target of Opportunity - Any German Aerodrome.
  3. S-2 [Intelligence] –
  4. Operations - Wing Formation - 94th C.B.W [Combat Wing] - 3rd in 1st Division.
    Lead Box - 401st   High Box - 351st   Low Box - 351st

    Diversions -1st Division
    2nd Division - 2CBW's following 3rd Div closely.
    3rd Division - on same target 30 minutes later
    Mediums

    Fighter Cover - 4 Squadrons Spitfire IX's from Fecamp [France] to 4940-0210 [15 miles South of Amiens, France].
    2 Groups P-47's from 4942-0250 [25 miles SW of Saint-Quentin, France] to limit [of endurance] (about 4953-0510 [25 miles SW of Bastogne, Belgium]).
    P-38's in target area staying as long as possible.
    2 Groups P-47's 4858-0540 [30 miles SW of Metz, France] to limit.
    1 Group P-38's 4943-0500 [approx 8 miles E of Charleville-Mezieres, France] to limit.
    5 Squadrons Spitfire IX's 4930-0250 [5 miles N of Compiegne, France] to limit.
  5. Navigator -
  6. Weather -
  7. Special Instructions -
    Be prepared to bomb visually.
    PFF [Pathfinder Force] VHF [Very High Frequency radio] code word for I.P. [Initial Point of Bomb Run] - Mud Hole.
    Some ships with Bomb Bay tanks - 883L, 858G, 821F, 762D, 093K, 136P, 877X, No kits purging drop tanks - have extinguishers which flood tank with CO² by pulling lever in back. See Crew Chief.
    Fly a good formation especially on bomb run.
    Tail Gunner in 825 is to make smoke trail.
    1. Group Assembly - On Deenethorpe buncher - High [Box] 12,000', Low 8,000', T.O. [Take-Off] 25 [Runway 25] - hold for two minutes - turn right to 20° climb to 2 [2,000'] and head for buncher.
    2. Signals for Bombing - Open dors at I.P. [Initial Point of Bomb Run], PFF - VHF - Mud Hole
    3. Pictures (Photos) - Pilots check to see pictures are taken at the target.
    4. Deputy Leaders are - Low Box - Fuller - Daisychain J-827. High Box - McCafferty - Daisychain O-517
    5. Lead Crews Report to S-2 [Intelligence] for Additional Instructions
    6. Bombardiers, Navigatiors and Radio Operators report to Special Briefing.
  8. Dismissal of all but Pilots and Co-Pilots
  9. [Radio]
    Call SignFlaresChannelsTail Letter
    94th C.B.W. [Combat Wing]RagweedRY [Red Yellow]A
    351st A HighRagweed RedGAJ
    351st B LowRagweed BlueRAJ
    401st LeadRagweed WhiteRYAS
    Composite GroupB
    Air CommanderB
    1st C.B.W.GoonchildRRA, L
    40th C.B.W.BulpennYYB, G, H
    41st C.B.W.FatgalGGC, K, P
    U.S. FightersDenver OneD
      BombersGoldsmith One ThreeD
      Grnd. ControlTacklineD
    R.A.F. FightersGarlic OneC
      BombersDyePeg One ThreeC
      Grnd. ControlSpicecake

    V.H.F. Authentication - Day Break
  10. Colors of the day:
    TimeColorIdent.Challenge
    0700 - 1300GG [Green Green]PY
    1300 - 1900RYDI
    1900 - 0100YYJX
  11. Special Instructions -
    1. [Planes] To Monitor Channel "A"- All Ships Except:
      [Planes] To Monitor Channel "B"- High - 151M, 824S, Low - 821F, 882L, Start [to Monitor] as soon as group is formed.
      [Planes] To Monitor Channel "C"- High - 179B, 760M, Low - 948B, 863Y, from time of leaving coast to return.
      [Planes] To Monitor Channel "D"- High - 238A, 849V, Low - 162V, 136P, Same
    2. Let-Down - [Compass] Heading from Splasher #16
      351st A - 15° - High
      351st B - 360° - Low
      401st - 345° - Lead
      There will be a front lying to North of route and if clouds interfere can best be avoided by going south - but stick with Combat Wing.
      Weather reports start at 1400.
  12. Taxi Plan - Flying Control.
  13. Any Questions?
    Abortives - No abortives unless an engine is out or 2 oxygen positions out. No reason to break formation unless absolutely necessary.


Operations Narrative - High Group:
  1. The high group took off as scheduled at 0805. The formation of the group was completed at 0850.
  2. The Combat Wing Assembly was completed as planned at 0925. No difficulties were encountered.
  3. The Combat Wing formation was generally good for the entire mission, with noticeable improvement in the target area.
  4. The fighter support was picked up at the enemy coast. Excellent cover was afforded by them.
  5. The IP was reached at 1152. Bombs were away at 1206 on a magnetic heading of 180 degrees. Bombs were dropped on the PFF A/C leading the Combat Wing formation. Results were not observed, the target being completely overcast.
  6. The return to base was made without incident.
  7. Both flak and fighter opposition were considered weak. Ground fired rockets were observed in the target area.
  8. Eighteen (18) aircraft took off. There were no abortives. Aircraft 42-39780 crash landed at Hawkinge. Four (4) were killed and one (1) was injured when they bailed out. Aircraft 42-29849 landed at Earls Court to refuel and has since returned to base.
  9. All of our aircraft returned. No battle damage was incurred.
STATISTICAL SUMMARYHigh Group
No. of A/C Scheduled19
No. of A/C Taking Off18
Unused Spares0
A/C taking off less unused spares18
No. of A/C leaving England18
No. of Sorties18
No. of A/C Attacking18
No. of A/C Not Attacking0

[Signed:] Clinton F. Ball, Major, Air Corps, Operations Officer


Operations Narrative - Low Group:
  1. Take off and formation of the low group was carried out as planned. Formation was completed at 0901 at 8,000 feet.
  2. The Combat Wing was formed at 0906 at an altitude of 8,500 feet. The formation was generally good.
  3. The friendly fighter support was very good. Enemy aircraft opposition was at a minimum, while flak was generally meager and inaccurate.
  4. No difficulties were encountered on the route in. Bombs were dropped at 1207 on the PFF A/C leading the Combat Wing formation.
  5. The return was made without incident.
  6. Twenty (20) aircraft took off. A/C 42-29858 was unable to catch up to the formation after a late take off and so returned to base. A/C 42-29877 returned early due to failure of the oxygen system.
  7. A/C 42-31162, pilot Lt. Parsons, is missing in action. The aircraft was seen going down with one engine on fire.
  8. All other aircraft returned safely to base. No battle damage was incurred.
STATISTICAL SUMMARYLow Group
No. of A/C Scheduled20
No. of A/C Taking Off20
Unused Spares 0
A/C taking off less unused spares20
No. of A/C leaving England18
No. of Sorties18
No. of A/C Attacking18
No. of A/C Not Attacking 2

[Signed:] Clinton F. Ball, Major, Air Corps, Operations Officer






Bombardier’s Individual Plot – High Group:
  1. Group: 351st – HIGH
  2. Target: I. G. Farben, Ludwigshafen, Germany
  3. Method of Bombing: PFF
  4. Altitude: 23,000 feet
  5. Total Bombs Carried: 525
  6. Wind Direction: 264°
  7. Wind Velocity: 55 MPH
  8. Mag. Heading: 180°
  9. Remarks: Lead Bombardier’s Narrative.
    1. The High Combat Box dropped on P.F.F. aircraft. We were in good wing formation at the time of release of bombs on a 180° heading.
[Signed:] Donald Y. Huff, 1st Lt., Air Corps, Lead Bombardier


Bombardier’s Individual Plot – High Group:
  1. Group: 351st – Low Combat Box
  2. Target: Ludwigshafen, Germany
  3. Method of Bombing: PFF
  4. Altitude: 20,500 feet
  5. Wind Direction: 264°
  6. Wind Velocity: 55 MPH
  7. Mag. Heading: 173°
  8. Remarks: Lead Bombardier’s Narrative.
    1. The Low Combat Box dropped on the P.F.F. aircraft. The Low Box was abreast of the P.F.F. aircraft and in good wing formation at the time of release of bombs on a 173° heading.
[Signed:] John T. Tynan, 1st Lt., Air Corps, Lead Bombardier


Group Leader’s Narrative – High Combat Box:
  1. The High Box took off and proceeded to Deenethorpe for assembly as briefed. The Combat Wing Leader left on schedule for Point “A” with the Low Box in formation. The High Box intercepted the Combat Wing at Point “B”.
  2. The Combat Wing formation was generally good. It was exceptionally good over the target.
  3. Flak, over the target was light. Fighter opposition was nil.
  4. One A/C left the formation shortly after the I.P. and has been accounted for. All others returned safely.
  5. The Combat Wing formation was disbanded shortly before reaching Splasher 16. The Groups proceeded to base individually.
[Signed:] Donald A. Gaylord, 1st Lt., Air Corps, Group Leader


Group Leader’s Narrative – Low Combat Box:
  1. The Take Off was delayed a few minutes but the Group assembled as briefed. An additional five minutes could have been used. We assembled on the Wing Leader leaving Deenethorpe as planned and had no trouble whatsoever.
  2. The Formation while bombing was good. We bombed on the P.F.F. ship in the Lead Group. All our bombs went away approximately three seconds after the Lead Group. We did not break up for bombing except to uncover the Lead Group on the side.
  3. Flak was light at the target and over Rouen. Rockets were seen in the target area coming from the ground.
  4. One A/C left the formation after the target and went down to a low altitude. No one saw it go down into the undercast.
  5. We left the Wing formation shortly before Splasher 16 and came home alone. No trouble was encountered while landing.
[Signed:] Leslie S. Cruthirds, 1st Lt., Air Corps, Group Leader


Hand written note – no signature:

 Major Brooks will follow the briefed route and will call out every point, with minutes late or early or on-time for each. He will use the phonetic alphabet in calling out each point, i.e. Point A – Able, on time (or one minute late, etc.).
 He will leave at 0902 at 10,000 feet. Our group can tack on to his, right after leaving here, if desired.



Group Leader’s Narrative – Low Combat Box:

Bombardier - 1st Lt. Donald Y. Huff  Pilot - 1st Lt. Donald Gaylord Navigator - 1st Lt. Ralph Schwartz
Aircraft # 7825 Take-off - 0810  Landed - 1625
Objective - I.G. Farbin Co., Ludwigshafen, Germany
Aiming Point (MPI)[Mean Point of Impact] - Chemical Plant - P.F.F. Bombing
Initial Point -
Method of Attack - 94th Combat Wing
Number of Planes in Group - 18    Composite Group -
Number A/C Dropping Bombs by own sighting operation - None
Deflection and Range sighting, Group - None   Composite Group -
Range Sighting only, Group - None    Composite Group -
Bombs, Types and Sizes - Maximum Load M-47A1 I.B. [Incendiary Bomb] 100 lb.
Number of Bombs Loaded - 525    Released - 525
Fusing, Nose - Instantaneous    Tail - None
Synchronization - None

Altitude of Target - 300'Magnetic Heading Ordered 146° Actual 180°
True Altitude Above Target - 22,700True Heading 160°
Indicated Altitude - 23,000Drift, Estimated 2°Left - Actual 14°Left
Pressure Altitude of Target +89True Track -
Altimeter Setting 29.92Actual Range -
Calculated Indicated Air Speed - 150 M.P.H.B.S. Type - M-9
True Air Speed - 212 M.P.H.Time of Release 1206
Ground Speed Est. 250 Actual -Length of Bombing Run - Est. 4"
Wind Direction Metro - ° Actual - 264°Intervalometer Setting - Min.
Wind Velocity Metro Actual 55 C-1 Pilot[Autopilot] _____
D.S. - 127  Trail - 150   ATF - 44.7A-5 Pilot _____
Tan. D.A, Est. - Actual - Manual Pilot X [Meaning Used]

Type of Release - Train 493 - Salvo 32 bombs
Point of Impact If Seen - 10/10 Below
Mean Temp. Metro _____ Actual -10° C.
Winds - Altitude - 24,000 Ft.  Direction - Est. - Actual 264°  Velocity - Est. - Actual 55 MPH  Temp C. - Est. - Actual - Note: Dropped on P.F.F. in Lead Group



Combat Bombing Flight Record - Low Group:

Bombardier - 1st Lt. John T. Tynan,  Pilot - 1st Lt. Leslie S. Cruthirds, Navigator - 1st Lt. Edward L. Sullivan
Aircraft # 42-37731 Take-off - 0822  Landed - 1606
Objective - I.G. Farbin Co., Ludwigshafen, Germany
Aiming Point (MPI)[Mean Point of Impact] - Chemical Plant - P.F.F. Bombing
Initial Point -
Method of Attack - Squadron - P.F.F., Wing - X
Number of Planes in Group - 17    Composite Group -
Number A/C Dropping Bombs by own sighting operation - None
Deflection and Range sighting, Group - None   Composite Group -
Range Sighting only, Group - None    Composite Group -
Bombs, Types and Sizes - Maximum Load M-47A1 I.B. [Incendiary Bomb] 100 lb.
Number of Bombs Loaded - 521    Released - 521
Fusing, Nose - Instantaneous    Tail - None
Synchronization - None

Altitude of Target - 300'Magnetic Heading Ordered 144° Actual 173°
True Altitude Above Target - 21,670True Heading 132°
Indicated Altitude - 20,900Drift, Estimated 2°Right - Actual -
Pressure Altitude of Target +89'True Track - PFF
Altimeter Setting 29.92Actual Range -
Calculated Indicated Air Speed - 150 M.P.H.B.S. Type - M-9
True Air Speed - 210 M.P.H.Time of Release 1207½
Ground Speed Est. 250 Actual - 210Length of Bombing Run - Est.
Wind Direction Metro - 315° Actual - 265°Intervalometer Setting - Min.
Wind Velocity Metro 15 Actual 55 C-1 Pilot[Autopilot] _____
D.S. - 134  Trail - 150   ATF - 44.7A-5 Pilot _____
Tan. D.A, Est. .6 Actual - PFFManual Pilot X [Meaning Used]

Type of Release - Train
Point of Impact If Seen - Not Seen
Mean Temp. Metro -10° C. Actual -10° C.
Winds - Altitude - Ft.  Direction - Est. - Actual  Velocity - Est. - Actual  Temp C. - Est. - Actual - Note: Dropped on P.F.F. in Lead Group



Intelligence S-2 Narrative – High Group:
  1. The target for 30 December, 1943 was the Chemical Works of Ludwigshafen, Germany. 10/10ths undercast in the target area made PFF bombing necessary. Results were unobserved and photographic coverage is not yet available.
  2. Eighteen A/C were dispatched in the High Box. There were no abortives in this box, but A/C 780-S crashed at Hawkinge, England after its crew had bailed out. No interrogation of this crew has yet been made, but it is known that four men were killed when they bailed out, and one man injured. The other five are still in Hawkinge. A/C 849-U landed at Earls Court due to fuel shortage but has since returned to base. It is known that seventeen A/C bombed the primary on the PFF ship.
  3. Fighter opposition was generally weak. Some 15 ME 109’s and FW 190’s were seen, but no passes were made at the A/C of this box. Attacks were made from below out of cloud cover on lower Groups spasmodically all along the route out. As usual, the E/A stayed low and away from the very effective fighter cover afforded by the escort. This Box had no claims.
  4. Our formation flying at 23,500 [feet] first encountered flak at 1035 hours N of Le Havre; it was meager and fairly accurate. Moderate flak was seen at Frankfurt far ahead of our formation at 1155 hours. In the target area flak appeared to be in the form of several predicted concentrations, ranging from moderate to intense. Meager, inaccurate flak was encountered at Rouen at 1412 hours.
  5. Several A/C observed what appeared to be ground-fired rockets in the general target area. These rockets came up through the clouds leaving a trail of dark smoke and burst in a long, dark burst. They left a spray of red bubbles in the air after bursting and lingered for a long period although no parachutes were reported. None of our A/C were hit by these projectiles.
[Signed:] John L. Scott, Major, Air Corps, Group S-2 [Intelligence]


Intelligence S-2 Narrative – Low Group:
  1. The target of the mission of this date was the I. B. Farben and other chemical industries in Ludwigshafen, Germany. Because of 10/10ths cloud bombing was done on PFF and results are unobserved. Eleven cameras operated but heavy cloud conditions precluded any results.
  2. Eighteen (18) A/C were dispatched; of that number one A/C piloted by Lt. Parsons was lost somewhere between the target and French coast: six parachutes are reported before the A/C, with one engine burning, was last observed. Two A/C returned early from this mission, turning back near Beachy Head, 877-X because oxygen system went out and 858-G because it could not catch up with formation, which it had lost at Base.
  3. Approximately 15 E/A were encountered, all ME 109’s and FW 190’s; a few light attacks were made upon this Group. Ten men, however, are missing from Lt. Parson’s A/C. Fighter support was as briefed and was excellent.
  4. Flak was first met near Frankfurt, as the formation turned right at IP; it was moderate, good for altitude, but to the left. In target area flak was moderate, good for altitude, but poor for deflection. Some white bursts were seen above the black. Meager flak, fair for height and deflection, was seen at Rouen on route out.
  5. Weather was 10/10ths at target.
  6. Prolonged bursts, generally accredited to ground-expelled rockets, were seen in target area. Bursts were much bigger than flak, and red bubbles “like fireworks” were seen to fall from the bursts, which lingered for some time without parachutes. Some opinion was expressed that these bursts might rather be PFF equipment.
[Signed:] John L. Scott, Major, Air Corps, Group S-2 [Intelligence]


Track Chart:
Click on Chart to Enlarge



Flak Report – High Group:

Target -
1. Route followed. - Fécamp – 2 mi. N. of Rouen – 2 mi. W. of Mainz – Target – 3 mi. W. of Speyer – Pont-à-Mousson – 5 mi. S. of Reims – Rouen – 3 mi. S. of Fécamp.
2. Visibility at Target. - 10/10ths cloud.
3. No. of A/C over Target: 17
4. General Axis of attack. - 160 degrees True
5. How long did formation fly straight and level before bombing? - 2 minutes.
6. Turn after bombing. - Left turn to approximately 195 degrees True.
7. Position of Group in relation to other Groups: High Group of 94th CBW.
8. What evasive action was taken? - Irregular S turns in general target area, especially after target.
9. A short description of Flak en route. - Flak was first encountered N of Le Havre at 1035; it was meager, and accurate for height but only fairly accurate for deflection. Moderate flak was seen coming up from Frankfurt at 1155, far ahead of our formation. In the target area, flak started at Worms at 1200 and continued on over the target. It appeared to be in several predicted concentrations, and ranged from moderate to intense and from inaccurate to fairly accurate for both height and deflection. Meager inaccurate flak, about 5-10 bursts, was encountered near Rouen at 1412.
10. Any other comments, phenomena, etc. - Between IP and Target, at 1203, the crew of A/C 756-R observed something like a red flare which shot up like a spray from a hose, then burst like red confetti near the tail of the ship, at 23,000 feet.



Flak Report – Low Group:

Target -
1. Route followed. - Fécamp – 4 mi. N. of Rouen – 4 mi. W. of Mainz – Target – 3 mi. N. of Speyer – Pont-à-Mousson – 5 mi. S. of Reims – 2 mi. N. of Rouen – 2 mi. S. of Fécamp.
2. Visibility at Target. - 10/10ths clouds - light and non-persistent contrails.
3. No. of A/C over Target: 17
4. General Axis of attack. - 176 degrees Mag. [Magnetic Compass Heading]
5. How long did formation fly straight and level before bombing? - 1 minute.
6. Turn after bombing. - Right
7. Position of Group in relation to other Groups: Low Group 94th CBW.
8. What evasive action was taken? - 5 to 10 degrees left and right turns.
9. A short description of Flak en route. - This formation flying at 21,500 feet first saw flak at Frankfurt as they turned to the right at the IP. This flak was moderate, good for altitude, but to the left of this formation. Some white bursts were observed above the black. In the target area moderate flak came up in two separate concentrations. These appeared to be predicted concentrations, and there was no tracking. It was good for altitude but poor for deflection. The first concentration of bursts was just before bombs away and the second was just after the turn after bombing. This latter was to the right of the formation. Some white bursts were observed above the black. Meager flak, fair for height and deflection, was encountered at Rouen on the route out.
10. Any other comments, phenomena, etc. - Two reports were given of projectiles, which were believed a form of rocket shell, being fired from the ground in the target area. These projectiles were fired in pairs and left a column of smoke which remained for some time.



Combat Crew Comments – High Box:

Following are the comments made by crew members at today’s interrogation:
A/C 238-A [42-31238]: Way of forming Group over Splasher was very good; use of smoke and flares excellent. – Lt. Watson.
A/C 756-R [42-5756]: Not enough food on plane. – Whole crew.
A/C 824-S [42-5824]: Smoke trailer from lead ship was very good. – Whole crew.
A/C 495-C [42-3495]: Tail canvas back on tail guns. – Sgt. Anderson.
A/C 151-M [42-6151]: Damned good Combat Wing Formation. – Lt. Kogelman. Officers orderly not satisfactory. – Lt. Haynes.
A/C 849-U [42-29849]: Food is poor. – Whole crew. No transportation to armament shop. – All gunners.
  Need coke in 511th crew area. – All gunners. [Coke was burned in small stoves to heat the Quonset Huts.]
A/C 860-W [42-29860]: Should be at least 2 pair of binoculars per ship. – Lt. Evans.
[Signed:] John L. Scott, Major, Air Corps, Group S-2



Combat Crew Comments – Low Box:

Following are the comments made by crew members at today’s interrogation:
A/C 863-Y: Navigators should be briefed on location of balloon barrages in England. - Lt. Cleveland.
A/C 714-T: Windshield was hit by shell cases from unnecessary firing. – Lt. Grunow.
A/C 120-O: A practice mission should be flown every clear day for pilots. – Lt. Werth.
A/C 827-J: Formation over target appeared to be excellent; it was also fairly good all the way over and back. – Lt. Fuller.
[Signed:] John L. Scott, Major, Air Corps, Group S-2



Hot News:
  1. The following is a summary of hot news received at today’s interrogation:
    1. A/C 510-C [42-3495]: Flying at 22,000 feet, reported seeing A/C 780-F make a 180° turn from formation at I.P. dropping soon after down to cloud cover. Further reports indicate that this A/C had an engine on fire from a flak burst. One to six parachutes were also reported.
    2. A/C 508-A [42-37731]: Flying at 23,000 feet, reported a B-17 veering to left out of formation just after the target. The distressed A/C apparently could not keep up with the formation and before it disappeared from sight it burst into flame three times at the tail, the first two times momentarily extinguished. Two parachutes were counted.
    3. A/C 731-A [42-37731]: Flying at 21,000 feet, reported an A/C, either Triangle S or J, go down to cloud level 10 minutes after the target with two (2) engines feathered, slowly losing altitude.
    4. A/C 508-J [42-37827]: Flying at 22,000 feet, saw a B-24 attacked by an ME-109 right near the French coast on the route back. It fell out of formation, started a long glide, caught on fire and blew up. Six parachutes reported.


Mission Summary Report – High Group:
  1. Abortives.
    1. None.
  2. Battle Damage.
    1. None.
[Signed:] Otto R. Vasak, Captain, Air Corps, group Engineering Officer


Mission Summary Report – Low Group:
  1. Abortives.
    1. Airplane No. 42-29858, 508th Squadron, returned early because the Pilot was unable to catch up with formation.
    2. Airplane No. 42-29877, 511th Squadron, returned early because the Oxygen system was down to 250 pounds pressure. Investigation disclosed no leak in the Oxygen system.
  2. Battle Damage.
    1. None.
[Signed:] Otto R. Vasak, Captain, Air Corps, group Engineering Officer


Armament Report – High Combat Box:
  1. The following armament malfunctions and failures were reported upon completion of the Mission of 30 December, 1943:
    1. A/C 42-3542 - Front clamp on right chin turret gun charger broken.
    2. A/C 42-29749 - Trouble light burned out in ball turret.
    3. A/C 42-5756 - Racks would not release electrically – had to salvo.
    4. A/C 42-39760 - Bulb burned out in N-6 sight.
  2. The necessary repairs and adjustments have been made.
[Signed:] Michael Steele, CWO, AUS, Group Armament Officer


Armament Report – Low Combat Box:
  1. The following armament malfunctions and failures were reported upon completion of the Mission of 30 December, 1943:
    1. A/C 42-29948 - Left tail gun sluggish. Solenoid out in right top turret gun.
    2. A/C 42-37714 - Cover extractor became worn.
    3. A/C 42-39835 - Chin turret elevation out.
    4. A/C 42-3093 - Ruptured cartridge in left waist gun.
    5. A/C 42-29882 - Intervalometer out. Short circuit in main switch of ball turret.
    6. A/C 42-29858 - Top turret azimuth cable to sight broke.
    7. A/C 42-3120 - Trouble light in ball turret burned out.
  2. The necessary repairs and adjustments have been made.
[Signed:] Michael Steele, CWO, AUS, Group Armament Officer


Ammunition Expenditure – High Combat Box:

1. Upon completion of the Mission of 30 December, 1943, the Station Ordnance Officer reported the expenditure of 13,985 rounds of Cal .50 ammunition (includes 9,000 rounds on aircraft which crash landed).
[Signed] Robert B. Stratton, 1st. Lt., Air Corps, Statistical Officer



Ammunition Expenditure – Low Combat Box:

1. Upon completion of the Mission of 30 December, 1943, the Station Ordnance Officer reported the expenditure of 14,025 rounds of Cal .50 ammunition (includes 9,000 rounds in aircraft which is M.I.A.) by the Low Combat Box
[Signed] Robert B. Stratton, 1st. Lt., Air Corps, Statistical Officer



Disposition of Bombs – High Combat Box:
  1. A total of 609 M-47A1 Incendiary Bombs were released on the primary target by the High Combat Box on the Mission of 30 December, 1943.
  2. No bombs were brought back or jettisoned.
[Signed:] Robert B. Stratton, Captain, Air Corps, Statistical Officer


Disposition of Bombs – Low Combat Box:
  1. A total of 542 M-47A1 Incendiary Bombs were released on the primary target by the Low Combat Box on the Mission of 30 December, 1943.
  2. 42 M-47A1 Incendiary Bombs were brought back; and 21 were jettisoned before reaching the target when the bomb bay tank was dropped.
[Signed:] Robert B. Stratton, Captain, Air Corps, Statistical Officer


Pilots Explanation to Abort:

Aircraft No. G-42-29858 Squadron - 508th LOW   Pilot - Lt. Roper
Time of Abortive - 10:40  Location when Aborted - Half-way across channel
Reason - Couldn’t catch up with formation – couldn’t locate formation so went to Beachy Head to intercept them there but they crossed too far to one side and could not catch up.
Enemy Opposition Encountered - None
[Signed:] Richard J. Roper, 2nd Lt. - Disposition of Bombs: Returned Altitude: 20,000 feet


Aircraft No. X-29877 Squadron - 511th – LOW   Pilot - Lt. Procak
Time of Abortive - 10:15  Location when Aborted - Over Channel
Reason - Oxygen system went out (all of them) - Lost 50 lbs. before use and lost 125 lbs. in 30 minutes.
Enemy Opposition Encountered - None
[Signed:] George J. Procak - Disposition of Bombs: Brought Back Altitude: 19,000 feet



“J” Form:
  1. Last Four numbers and Call Letter of A/C in each Squadron:
    a. High Box
    Sqdn 508th A/C: 6151–M, 3517–O, 9849–V(3)
    Sqdn 509th A/C: 9860–W, 9749–Z, 9760–M, 3542–V, 5756–R, 0780–T(6)
    Sqdn 510th A/C: 9925–L, 3495–C, 9762–D, 9780–S (4)
    Sqdn 511th A/C: 7825–Q, 5824–S, 1238–A, 9849–U, 1179–B, 9761–D(6)
    b. Low Box
    Sqdn 508th A/C: 7731–A, 9882–L, 9821–F, 7827–J, 9858–G(5)
    Sqdn 509th A/C: 3120–O, 9861–X, 9863–Y, 9630–S, 0499–Q, 7845–F(6)
    Sqdn 510th A/C: 3523–M, 9948–B, 9835–N, 7714–T, 3093–K(5)
    Sqdn 511th A/C: 1162–V, 9857–H, 9877–X, 3136–P(4)
  2. Target: GS-38
  3. W/T Operational Call Sign of each Squadron:
    Squadron508 Call SignLLO Daisy ChainSquadron510 Call SignRLY Paramount
    Squadron509 Call SignPXO Riding WhipSquadron511 Call SignUHO Thick Frost
  4. High Box: Taxi – 0750;     Take-Off – 0805;     E.T.D. Over Field – 0805
  5. Low Box: Taxi – 0805;     Take-Off – 0820;     E.T.D. Over Field – 0820
  6. Time:Height:  Place of crossing English Coast OUT:
    101920,000 Ft Beachy Head
  7. Time:Height:  Place of Recrossing Enemy Coast:
    142223,000 Ft Fecamp [France]
  8. Time:Height:  Place of crossing English Coast IN:
    144513,000 Ft Beachy Head
  9. E.T.R.(Estimated Time of Return): 1535 Hours
  10. MF/DF [Medium Frequency/Direction Finder] Section: "N"
  11. Bomb load of Each A/C: High Box
    508 Squadron: Maximum Load M-47A1 I.B.'s [Incendiary Bomb]
    509 Squadron: Maximum Load M-47A1 I.B.'s
    510 Squadron: Maximum Load M-47A1 I.B.'s
    511 Squadron: Maximum Load M-47A1 I.B.'s
  12. Bomb load of Each A/C: Low Box
    508 Squadron: Max M-47A1 I.B.'s [Incendiary Bomb]
    509 Squadron: Max M-47A1 I.B.'s
    510 Squadron: Max M-47A1 I.B.'s
    511 Squadron: Max M-47A1 I.B.'s
  13. Fuel Load of each A/C: 2400 Gallons - Planes with Tokio Tanks [Fuel tanks in outer section of wings that provides greater range.]
    Fuel Load of each A/C: 2100 Gallons - Bomb Bay A/C [Planes without Tokio Tanks were fitted with a bladder type tank in one section of the Bomb Bay]
  14. Group Leader:
    a. High box: Name: Gaylord, D.A., Rank: 1st Lt A/C: 7825-Q Sqdn. 511th
  15. b. Low box: Name: Cruthirds, L.S., Rank: 1st Lt A/C: 7731-A Sqdn. 508th
  16. Passengers, if any: (Full Name, Rank, A/C and Squadron Passenger flying with)
    None
  17. Actual Times Off and Return by Squadrons and A/C Letters:
  18. High Box
    Squadron A/C No. & Letter A.T.O. A.T.R. Squadron A/C No. & Letter A.T.O. A.T.R.
    5086151–M0805½16245099860–W08081624½
    3517–O082016229749–Z08091627
    9849–V082116239760–M0809½1625
    3542–V08101625½
      5756–R0810½1605
      0780–TF.T.O.
    5109925–L0814½16295117825–Q08051620
    3495–C080616315824–S08181621
    9762–D081616041238–A08191623
    9780–S0819½ 9849–U0814Earls Court
       1179–B08151630
       9761–D08171632
  19. Low Box
    Squadron A/C No. & Letter A.T.O. A.T.R. Squadron A/C No. & Letter A.T.O. A.T.R.
    5087731–A082216065093120–O08261617
    9882–L082316079861–X0826½1618
    9821–F083516089863–Y08271612
    7827–J082516099630–S08281619
    9858–G083013410499–Q08311605½
    7845–F0828½1608½
    5103523–M083816115113136–P0827½1610
    9948–B084516001162–V0825½ 
    9835–N08331611½9857–H08291618½
    7714–T08581610½9877–X08321135
    3093–K08361613

    Report Compiled By Sal Lopatin, S/Sgt.

    Sqdn. A/C Letter Designation Box Remarks
    5090780–FF.T.O. [Failed TakeOff]High#1 Engine Out.
    5119877–XAbortiveLowAll Oxygen systems out.
    5089858–GAbortiveLowCouldn't catch formation.
         


Formation Chart:
High Group Formation Take–Off
508th Squadron
Gaylord
A/C # 42-37825 Q
Kogelman
A/C # 42-6151 M
Seaman
A/C # 42-5824 S
McCafferty - Welch
A/C # 42-3517 O
Watson
A/C # 42-31238 A
Rhode
A/C # 42-39849 V
510th Squadron509th Squadron
White
A/C # 42-29925 L
Evans - Clay
A/C # 42-29860 W
Bender
A/C # 42-3495 C
Knapp
A/C # 42-31179 B
Logan
A/C # 42-39760 M
McLawhorn
A/C # 42-29749 Z
Case
A/C # 42-29762 D
Brooksby
A/C # 42-3542 V
Adamiak
A/C # 42-39780 S
Saville
A/C # 42-39761 D
Dowling
A/C # 42-30780 T*
Lewis
A/C # 42-5756 R
Jones
A/C # 42-29849 U

 [* - Failed Take Off]

Group Formation Over–Target
508th Squadron
Gaylord
A/C # 42-37825 Q
Kogelman
A/C # 42-6151 M
Seaman
A/C # 42-5824 S
McCafferty - Welch
A/C # 42-3517 O
Watson
A/C # 42-31238 A
Rhode
A/C # 42-39849 V
510th Squadron509th Squadron
White
A/C # 42-29925 L
Evans - Clay
A/C # 42-29860 W
Bender
A/C # 42-3495 C
Knapp
A/C # 42-31179 B
Logan
A/C # 42-39760 M
McLawhorn
A/C # 42-29749 Z
Case
A/C # 42-29762 D
Brooksby
A/C # 42-3542 V
 
Saville
A/C # 42-39761 D
Jones
A/C # 42-29849 U
Lewis
A/C # 42-5756 R

Time Schedule:
Zero Hour: 1030  Briefing: 0430  Stations: 0640  Start Engines: 0740  Taxi: 0750  Take-off: 0805  Leave Base: 0805


Formation Chart:
Low Group Formation Take–Off
508th Squadron
Cruthirds
A/C # 42-37731 A
Apperson
A/C # 42-29821 F
Blaisdell
A/C # 42-29882 L
Fuller
A/C # 42-37827 J
Parsons
A/C # 1162 V
W.D. Smith
A/C # 3136 P
510th Squadron509th Squadron
McCluskey
A/C # 42-3523 M
Werth
A/C # 42-3120 O
Eickhoff
A/C # 42-39835 N
Peters
A/C # 42-29948 B
T. Meyers
A/C # 42-29863 Y
Cannon
A/C # 42-29861 X
Grunow
A/C # 42-37714 T
Songer
A/C # 42-29630 S
Chalmers
A/C # 42-3093 K
Procak
A/C # 42-29877 X
Bartzocas
A/C # 42-37845 F
Newberg
A/C # 42-30499 Q
P. Anderson
A/C # 42-39857 H
   
Roper
A/C # 42-29858 G


Low Group Formation Over–Target
508th Squadron
Cruthirds
A/C # 42-37731 A
Apperson
A/C # 42-29821 F
Blaisdell
A/C # 42-29882 L
Fuller
A/C # 42-37827 J
510th Squadron509th Squadron
McCluskey
A/C # 42-3523 M
Werth
A/C # 42-3120 O
Eickhoff
A/C # 42-39835 N
Chalmers
A/C # 3093 K
T. Meyers
A/C # 42-29863 Y
Cannon
A/C # 9861 X
Grunow
A/C # 42-37714 T
Songer
A/C # 42-29630 S
  
Bartzocas
A/C # 42-37845 F
Newberg
A/C # 42-30499 Q
P. Anderson
A/C # 42-39857 H

Time Schedule:
Zero Hour: 1030  Briefing: 0530  Stations: 0655  Start Engines: 0755  Taxi: 0805  Take-off: 0820  Leave Base: 0820


Missing Air Crew Report (MACR):
  • A/C# 42-31162   DS-V  "Victory Ball"  Pilot: 2nd Lt. Roy A. Parsons  A/C's 8th Mission   MACR # 1757

Aircraft Loss Circumstances:

[According to reports in the Missing Air Crew Report # 1757 the aircraft was apparently hit by flak after the target, the oxygen system blew up, the plane was on fire, and was losing altitude. As the plane descended it was attacked by three FW 190's from 4 o'clock level. Several men were hit in the attack and those that could bailed out at a low level. The plane went into a spin and crashed one and a half km. south of St. Pol, Pas de Calais area of France.]



Individual Accounts of Crewmen Fates:
  • Pilot - 2nd Lt. Roy A. Parsons, From: Washington, POW at Stalag Luft 1 Barth-Vogelsang Prussia 54-12, Returned to Military Control, Liberated or Repatriated.
  • Co-pilot - 2nd Lt. Henry C. Foster, From: Pennsylvania, POW at Stalag Luft 1 Barth-Vogelsang Prussia 54-12, Returned to Military Control, Liberated or Repatriated.
  • Navigator - 2nd Lt. Erwin N. Cooper, From: California - Killed in Action
  • Bombardier - 2nd Lt. Fred W. Ahlheim, From: Illinois - Killed in Action
  • Top Turret Gunner - S/Sgt. Lloyd W. Wallace, From: Texas, POW at Stalag 17B Braunau Gneikendorf near Krems Austria 48-15, Returned to Military Control, Liberated or Repatriated.
  • Radio Operator - Sgt. Casper J. Maggio - Killed in Action
  • Left Waist Gunner - S/Sgt. Robert B. Mitchell, From: West Virginia, POW camp where he was detained is not identified in National Archives POW database. Returned to Military Control, Liberated or Repatriated.
  • Right Waist Gunner - Sgt. Gene H. Munson, From: Kentucky - Killed in Action
  • Ball Turret Gunner - Sgt. Fred A. Bogar, From: Texas - Killed in Action
  • Tail Gunner - Sgt. John J. West, From: Kentucky, POW at Stalag 17B Braunau Gneikendorf near Krems Austria 48-15, Returned to Military Control, Liberated or Repatriated.

Burial Records:

The burial records below courtesy of the American Battle Monuments Commission. http://www.abmc.gov and www.findagrave.com


  • Erwin N. Cooper, Second Lieutenant, From: California, Date of Death: December 31, 1943, Buried: Plot B Row 23 Grave 28, Normandy American Cemetery, Colleville-sur-Mer, France. Awards - Purple Heart
  • Fred W. Ahlheim, Second Lieutenant, From: Illinois, Date of Death: December 30, 1943, Buried: Jefferson Barracks National Cemetery, Lemay, St. Louis County, Missouri.
  • Casper J. Maggio, Sgt., From: New York, Date of Death: December 30, 1943, Buried: Long Island National Cemetery, Farmingdale, New York.
  • Gene H. Munson, Sgt., From Kentucky,
  • Fred A. Bogar, Sgt., From: Texas, Date of Death: December 30, 1943, Buried: Plot D Row 15 Grave 34, Normandy American Cemetery, Colleville-sur-Mer, France.


Died of Injuries:
  • A/C# 42-39780   TU-S  "Little Twink"  Pilot: Lt. Adamiak  A/C's 4th Mission

Individual Accounts of Crewmen Fates:

Circumstances:
Account written in the book "The 351st Bomb Group in WWII." Used with permission.
 On the bomb run, 42-39780 was hit by flak in the number three engine. Lt. Adamiak, the pilot, directed the copilot, Lt. Crockett, to feather the propeller. However, because of the loss of the oil pressure he was unable to do so. The bombs were salvoed to lighten the load, but the ship was unable to maintain its position in the formation because of the drag created by the windmilling propeller. Deciding to go home, Lt. Adamiak made a left turn that carried them over Heidelburg, crossing the Rhine between Wiesbaden and Frankfurt, heading for Calais and Dover. Still at the mission altitude near Frankfurt the plane met heavy flak, receiving hits in the number four engine. By this time the number three propeller had broken loose from the shaft and the extreme heat cause by the windmilling propeller had caused the engine to catch fire. With the plane vibrating badly and with the loss of power on the right side, the two pilots had to use all their strength to keep control. With the propeller throwing hot metal from the disintegrating engine through the right side of the cockpit, flak suits were used to line the wall between the pilots and the engine.
 Sometime later over the German border, several fighters were spotted so Lt. Adamiak decided to go into the overcast. The dive into the overcast put the fire out, leaving the engine smoking badly and red-hot.
 Due to the erratic course that the plane had been flying, the navigator was unable to plot the position accurately. Therefore, Lt. Adamiak decided to fly under the cloud cover to find their position. This he did successfully and after sending an emergency signal the plane was picked up by a flight of RAF Spitfires just off the coast of France. The Spitfires escorted the damaged ship to RAF Hawkinge near Dover. Lt. Adamiak decided to crash-land the plane in an open field, rather than the airfield. This was accomplished without injury to the three occupants of the plane, the two pilots and Sgt. Davis, the radio operator. Unbeknown to the pilots, the rest of the crew had bailed out as soon as the plane reached the coast of England. Unfortunately, at such a low altitude, the parachutes of only two men opened in time. The other five* were killed when they hit the ground. *[The Intelligence report above notes that only four were killed when they hit the ground. The fifth man, who the report said was injured, was S/Sgt Ellman, Charles T., who died of his injuries.]

  • 2nd Lt. Leighton K. Zeiner,  Navigator, From: Minnesota, Buried: Plot D Row 7 Grave 75, Cambridge American Cemetery, Cambridge, England; Awards - Purple Heart
    Click on picture to enlarge.
  • S/Sgt. John G. Bone,  Top Turret Gunner, From: Connecticut, Buried: Plot A Row 2 Grave 1, Cambridge American Cemetery, Cambridge, England; Awards - Purple Heart
    Click on picture to enlarge.
  • S/Sgt. Dominic Ciarfaglia,  Left Waist Gunner, From: Indiana, Buried: Oak Hill Cemetery, Gary, Lake County, Indiana; Awards - Purple Heart
    Click on picture to enlarge.
  • Sgt. Grady Fuqua,  Tail Gunner, From: California, Buried: Plot D Row 4 Grave 77, Cambridge American Cemetery, Cambridge, England; Awards - Purple Heart, Air Medal
    Click on picture to enlarge.
  • S/Sgt. Charles T. Ellman,  Ball Turret Gunner, From: Pennsylvania, Burial: Saint Marys Cemetery, Hanover, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania
    Click on picture to enlarge.

 [Killed in Action - 10]
 [Prisoner of War - 5]
The above records were obtained at the National Archives Records Administration and have been declassified by authority NND 745005
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